Hydraulic fracturing (in industrial sector) is the process of extracting oil and gas from the ground(mining area).This non-traditional process came into picture in 1947 by Floyd Ferris & J.B. Clark(Stanolind Oil and Gas Corporation).
Process Of Hydraulic Fracturing
1-With a desired depth in consideration, a well is drilled vertically , which is then turned ninety degrees and continued horizontally for several thousand feet into the shale with a view to contain the trapped natural gas.
2- Mixture containing water, sand, and various chemicals is injected into the well at high pressure in order to create little cracks in the shale(rock) through which the gas can escape.
3- The cracks developed through the pressure yeilds out the natural gas and is drawn back up the well to the surface, where it is processed, refined.
4-The flowback or the waste water returns to the surface after completion of the process.This water is contained in steel tanks until it can be stored long-term by deep injection in oil and gas waste wells.
(source-http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Hydraulic_Fracturing-Related_Activities.jpg)
Applications
Process Of Hydraulic Fracturing
1-With a desired depth in consideration, a well is drilled vertically , which is then turned ninety degrees and continued horizontally for several thousand feet into the shale with a view to contain the trapped natural gas.
2- Mixture containing water, sand, and various chemicals is injected into the well at high pressure in order to create little cracks in the shale(rock) through which the gas can escape.
3- The cracks developed through the pressure yeilds out the natural gas and is drawn back up the well to the surface, where it is processed, refined.
4-The flowback or the waste water returns to the surface after completion of the process.This water is contained in steel tanks until it can be stored long-term by deep injection in oil and gas waste wells.
(source-http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Hydraulic_Fracturing-Related_Activities.jpg)
Applications
- To measure stress in the ground.
- To incite rock to cave in minning.
- For heat extraction to produce electricity in enhanced geothermal systems.
- As a means of enhancing waste remediation processes, usually hydrocarbon waste or spills
- To dispose of waste by injection into deep rock formations.
The fracking fluid market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.6% over the
next five years to reach $20 billion by 2018. The global fracking
chemicals market was estimated to be 1,700 KT in 2012
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